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Τι (ποιος) είναι fresnel lens - ορισμός
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![[[Cape Meares Lighthouse]]; first-order Fresnel lens](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cape Meares Lighthouse lens - Oregon.jpg?width=200 "[[Cape Meares Lighthouse]]; first-order Fresnel lens")
![First-order group-flashing Fresnel lens, on display at the Point Arena Lighthouse Museum, [[Point Arena Light]]house, [[Mendocino County, California]]. The three dioptric panels (inside the brass rings) and three catadioptric panels (outside) are partly split in two, giving three double-flashes per rotation.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fresnel Lens at Point Arena Lighthouse Museum.jpg?width=200 "First-order group-flashing Fresnel lens, on display at the Point Arena Lighthouse Museum, [[Point Arena Light]]house, [[Mendocino County, California]]. The three dioptric panels (inside the brass rings) and three catadioptric panels (outside) are partly split in two, giving three double-flashes per rotation.")
![biconvex]].<ref name=levitt-p59>Levitt, 2013, p.{{nbsp}}59.</ref>)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fresnel lens.svg?width=200 "biconvex]].<ref name=levitt-p59>Levitt, 2013, p.{{nbsp}}59.</ref>)")
![[[Makapuu Point Light]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Makapuu point light.JPG?width=200 "[[Makapuu Point Light]]")
![USS ''Dwight D. Eisenhower'']]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Optical Landing System, night, aboard USS Dwight D. Eisenhower (CVN-69).jpg?width=200 "USS ''Dwight D. Eisenhower'']]")
![Sinclair FTV1]] portable CRT TV, which enlarges the vertical aspect of the display only](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/SinclairFTV1fresnellens1.JPG?width=200 "Sinclair FTV1]] portable CRT TV, which enlarges the vertical aspect of the display only")
![Third-order lens ([[St. Simons Island Light]]).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/St. Simons Lighthouse, close-up of top, Georgia, USA.JPG?width=200 "Third-order lens ([[St. Simons Island Light]]).")
![Oita]], Japan).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Oita_sekizaki_lighthouse_old_lense.jpg?width=200 "Oita]], Japan).")
![Fifth-order lens, at [[Key West Lighthouse]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fifth-order Fresnel lens, lighthouse at Key West, FL, US.jpg?width=200 "Fifth-order lens, at [[Key West Lighthouse]]")
![Sixth-order lens ([[Ponce de Leon Inlet Light]])](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ponce de Leon Inlet Lighthouse Lens Museum - Replica 6th Order Lens - March 2016 (25919436890).jpg?width=200 "Sixth-order lens ([[Ponce de Leon Inlet Light]])")
Βικιπαίδεια
A Fresnel lens ( FRAY-nel, -nəl; FREN-el, -əl; or fray-NEL) is a type of composite compact lens which reduces the amount of material required compared to a conventional lens by dividing the lens into a set of concentric annular sections.
The simpler dioptric (purely refractive) form of the lens was first proposed by Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon, and independently reinvented by the French physicist Augustin-Jean Fresnel (1788–1827) for use in lighthouses. The catadioptric form of the lens, entirely invented by Fresnel, has outer elements that use total internal reflection as well as refraction; it can capture more oblique light from a light source and add it to the beam of a lighthouse, making the light visible from greater distances.
The design allows the construction of lenses of large aperture and short focal length without the mass and volume of material that would be required by a lens of conventional design. A Fresnel lens can be made much thinner than a comparable conventional lens, in some cases taking the form of a flat sheet.
It has been called "the invention that saved a million ships".
